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The
Measurement
of Diversity in Networks
The routine net2rao.exe—available at http://www.leydesdorff.net/software/diversity/net2rao.exe
—reads a network in the Pajek format (.net) and generates the files
rao1.dbf
and rao2.dbf. Rao1.dbf contains diversity values for each of the rows
(named
here “cited”) and each of the columns (named “citing”). Rao2.dbf is
needed for
the computation of cell values (see here below).
The input file is preferentially saved by Pajek so that the format
is
consistent. Use the standard edge-format. The user is first prompted
for the
name of this .net-file. The output contains the values of both
Rao-Stirling
diversity and so-called "true" diversity (labels: “Zhang_ting” and
“Zhang_ted”; see Zhang et al., 2016; cf. Jost, 2006).
By changing the default “No” into “Yes,” one can make the program
write two
files, labeled res_ting and res_ted, containing detailed information
for each
pass. These files may grow rapidly in size (> 1 GB). All files are
overwritten in later runs; one is advised to save them under other
names or in
other folders.
References
Jost,
L. (2006). Entropy and diversity. Oikos, 113(2), 363-375.
Leydesdorff,
L., Wagner, C. S., & Bornmann, L. (in preparation).
Interdisciplinarity at
Different Levels of Aggregation: Betweenness and Diversity in Journal
Citation
Networks.
Stirling,
A. (2007). A general framework for analysing diversity in science,
technology and
society. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 4(15),
707-719.
Zhang,
L., Rousseau, R., & Glänzel, W. (2016). Diversity of references as
an
indicator for interdisciplinarity of journals: Taking similarity
between
subject fields into account. Journal of the American Society for
Information
Science and Technology, 67(5), 1257-1265. doi: 10.1002/asi.23487